Chronische Insomnie – Symptom oder eigenständige Erkrankung?

Zusammenfassung

Chronische Insomnie ist eine der häufigsten Schlafstörungsarten. In den meisten Fällen besteht eine Komorbidität mit anderen Erkrankungen. Umgekehrt weisen Patienten mit chronischen Schlafstörungen ein gesteigertes Risiko für psychiatrische Krankheiten, insbesondere Depressionen auf. Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, ob die chronische Insomnie eher als ein Sekundärsymptom einer Primärerkrankung zu betrachten ist oder ob es sich um eine eigenständige Erkrankung handelt, die entsprechend eines eigenen Behandlungsansatzes bedarf. Neuere Studien zur Pathophysiologie der Insomnie, insbesondere neue Ergebnisse bez. eines chronischen Hyperarousals sprechen für die Sichtweise, dass es sich um eine eigenständige Erkrankung und nicht nur um ein Symptom handelt.

Abstract

Chronic insomnia is the most common sleep disorder. In most cases insomnia is comorbid with other conditions. Patients with insomnia have an increased risk for psychiatric disorders, especially depression. This article focusses on the question of whether chronic insomnia is just a symptom of these other disorders or whether it is a primary disorder that itself merits treatment. Recent research into the pathophysiology of insomnia, especially new insights in the concept of chronic hyperarousal, underlines the trend for considering insomnia as a disorder and not merely a symptom.

Schlüsselwörter

Insomnie - HPA Achse - Hyperarousal

Key words

insomnia - HPA axis - hyperarousal

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